Forensic Science
Forensic science combines science and investigation in order to aid and support the prosecution or defense in criminal and civil investigations. While the profession has been widely romanticized by various TV shows, make no mistake – this job is most likely different that you expect. In contrast with popular perception, this is a highly scientific role, which often involves detailed, painstaking work. Field duties are limited to a few areas of expertise, and most often than not a forensic scientist will spend his time in the lab.
If you made it this far, though, congratulations! You’re taking the first steps in joining a very rewarding profession and itsGOV is here to guide you through what you need to know and what you need to do to join a forensic science program in Virginia.
Depending on the type of forensic science practiced, different degrees and educational backgrounds may help a candidate get a job and excel in this field. Regarding formal education, requirements vary across jobs, but you should definitely have a solid background in mathematics, biology and chemistry.
The National Institute of Justice, a division of the U.S. Department of Justice, offers guidelines for model undergraduate and graduate forensic science degree programs. According to the American Academy of Forensic Science, strong programs should offer a curriculum that concentrates on scientific writing, laboratory skills, public speaking, and computer software application training.
Forensic Science Requirements in Virginia
Forensic scientists are a critically important part of the criminal justice system. The most important qualifications for being a forensic scientist are a love of science, insatiable curiosity, and an interest in both crime and solving mysteries.
The evidence collected by crime scene investigators is usually brought to a laboratory where it is sorted, examined, classified, tested and analyzed by forensic scientists who may have to testify about the evidence in a court of law. Physical evidence is often the critical factor that sways a jury to find a defendant guilty or innocent.
Most beginning forensic scientists work as generalists but after gaining t few years experience many of them opt for a specialization in one of the following areas:
- Anthropology – skeletal remains
- Odontology – teeth
- Entomology – insects
- Toxicology –drugs
- Serology/DNA – Blood
- Trace evidence – hair, fibers, paint, glass, etc.
- Firearms/ballistics – firearms/ammunition
- Questioned documents – paper/handwriting/ink, etc.
Preference is given to individuals with either general certification from the American Board of Criminalists or a specialized certification from the appropriate group such as the American Board of Toxicology or the Association of Firearms and Toolmark Examiners. If an experienced individual cannot be found for a particular opening, the job may be offered to a qualified individual without direct experience who will be expected to participate in a 24-month training period.
The Commonwealth of Virginia has five schools with degree-granting programs in forensic science which graduate an average of 90 students with forensic science credentials every year. The largest of these schools is located in Richmond; it graduates approximately 84 percent of all students with a forensic science degree.
Forensic Science Training in Virginia
The Virginia Department of Forensic Science (DFS) provides forensic laboratory services to more than 400 local, state and federal law enforcement agencies, including police departments, sheriff offices, fire departments, commonwealth attorneys and state agencies. Headed by Director Linda C. Jackson, the DFS has a budget of $36 million, with approximately 270 employees in labs located in Richmond (central lab), Norfolk, Manassas and Roanoke. It was the first forensic laboratory in the nation to offer DNA analysis and a pilot state for both CODIS (national fingerprint database) and the FBI automatic firearms comparison databank. The Department completed work on an overwhelming 58,017 cases in 2012!
In addition to evaluating and analyzing all kinds of evidence, interpreting results and providing expert testimonies in courts of law, scientists at the DFS provide technical assistance to law enforcement agencies across the Commonwealth. They offer a three-day refresher course to law enforcement personnel in the proper handling and submission of crime-scene evidence as well as specific courses in subjects like:
- Breath Alcohol Analysis
- Handling Homicide Scenes
- Advanced Photographic Techniques
- Role of Forensic Science in Hit-and-Run Investigations
The DFS was one of the nation’s first forensic laboratories to be accredited by the American Academy of Crime Lab Directors Lab Accreditation Board. The Breath Alcohol Calibration Lab also accredits the DFS.
Forensic Science Salary in Virginia
Salary data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) indicates that forensic science technicians who worked in Virginia in 2012 had the fifth highest average salary of any U.S. state. It was $66,360 with experienced professionals averaging substantially more: $97,310 a year.
Of the 360 jobs in this field that were located in Virginia in 2012, one third of them were in Richmond. This city is the site of the Central Laboratory of the Virginia Department of Forensic Science and has a staff of around one hundred. Additional labs are located in the following cities:
- Manassas
- Norfolk
- Roanoke
Salary ranges from 2013 are available for forensic scientists who work for the Commonwealth. There are two or three levels of each of the following positions with increasing salaries as the position requires more responsibility.
- Forensic science specialist: $23,999 – $84,062
- Forensic scientist: $31,352 – $109,818
A latent print examiner in Arlington made from $47,082 to $77,792 a year in 2013.
In addition to working as technicians in a lab, many forensic scientists are crime scene investigators (CSIs) and do their work in the field. According to Indeed.com, the average salary for a crime scene investigator in Virginia was $57,000 in the year preceding October 2013.
Forensic Science Schools and Colleges in Virginia
Bachelor’s Degree Programs in Virginia
University | Marymount University, Forensic Computing B.S. |
Duration | 4 years |
Type | Full time, Part time |
Tuition and fees | $27,200 per year |
Program link |
University | Radford University, Forensic Anthropology Concentration B.S. |
Duration | 4 years |
Type | Full time, Part time |
Tuition and fees | $12,772 in-state; $22,046 out-of-state per year |
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University | Virginia Commonwealth University, Forensic Investigation Concentration B.S. |
Duration | 4 years |
Type | Full time, Part time |
Tuition and fees | $23,680 per year |
Program link |
University | Virginia Commonwealth University, Forensic Biology Concentration B.S. |
Duration | 4 years |
Type | Full time, Part time |
Tuition and fees | $23,680 per year |
Program link |
University | Virginia Commonwealth University, Forensic Chemistry Concentration B.S. |
Duration | 4 years |
Type | Full time, Part time |
Tuition and fees | $23,680 per year |
Program link |
University | George Mason University, Forensic Science B.S. |
Duration | 4 years |
Type | Full time, Part time |
Tuition and fees | $10,370 in-state; $29,950 out-of-state per year |
Program link |
Master’s Degree Programs in Virginia
University | Marymount University, Forensic and Legal Psychology M.S. |
Duration | 24 months |
Type | Full time, Part time |
Tuition and fees | $20,400 per year |
Program link |
University | Virginia Commonwealth University, Forensic Biology M.S. |
Duration | 24 months |
Type | Full time, Part time |
Tuition and fees | $11,904 per year |
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University | Virginia Commonwealth University, Forensic Chemistry/Drugs and Toxicology M.S. |
Duration | 24 months |
Type | Full time, Part time |
Tuition and fees | $11,904 per year |
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University | Virginia Commonwealth University, Forensic Chemistry/Trace Evidence M.S. |
Duration | 24 months |
Type | Full time, Part time |
Tuition and fees | $11,904 per year |
Program link |
University | Virginia Commonwealth University, Forensic Physical Evidence M.S. |
Duration | 24 months |
Type | Full time, Part time |
Tuition and fees | $11,904 per year |
Program link |
University | George Mason University, Forensic Science M.S. |
Duration | 24 months |
Type | Full time, Part time |
Tuition and fees | $9,460 in-state; $22,348 out-of-state per year |
Program link |